See raff on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "raffish"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"raf",
"raf#Middle_English"
],
[
"raffer",
"raffer#Old_French"
],
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
],
[
"rap",
"rap#English"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff#English"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "raf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English raf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raffer"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English raf, from Old French raffer, of Germanic origin; compare German raffen, akin to rap (“to snatch”). Compare riffraff, rip (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "raff (countable and uncountable, plural raffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 22 6 19 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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],
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{
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[
2,
6
]
],
"ref": "1680, Isaac Barrow, A Discourse Concerning The Unity Of The Church:",
"text": "A raff of errors.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
27
]
],
"ref": "1825 September 2, Charles Francis Barnard, diary entry:",
"text": "Bowditch and I (with a raff of books) left town about five in the morning.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disorderly heap; a jumble; a large quantity"
],
"id": "en-raff-en-noun-jByzyCdg",
"links": [
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"jumble",
"jumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A disorderly heap; a jumble; a large quantity"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 22 6 19 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
33
]
],
"ref": "1923, Joel Townsley Rogers, Weird Tales, Hark! The Rattle!:",
"text": "[a hut] was fashioned of the raff of the slough—dead fronds, rotting branches, withered marsh grasses. Its sad gray-green were in the living wilderness like a monument to death.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumber or refuse."
],
"id": "en-raff-en-noun-pkYX~6gR",
"links": [
[
"lumber",
"lumber"
],
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) lumber or refuse."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flotsam"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
127,
131
]
],
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist:",
"text": "Jostling with unemployed labourers of the lowest class, ballast-heavers, coal-whippers, brazen women, ragged children, and the raff and refuse of the river, he makes his way with difficulty along […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The common rabble or mob; riffraff."
],
"id": "en-raff-en-noun-H-1dUxwm",
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable or plural) The common rabble or mob; riffraff."
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 22 6 19 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
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8,
13
]
],
"ref": "1860 June 30, Charles Dickens, All the Year Round:",
"text": "English raffs of every description",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
84
]
],
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 64, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "There is no town of any mark in Europe but it has its little colony of English raffs—men whose names Mr. Hemp the officer reads out periodically at the Sheriffs' Court—young gentlemen of very good family often, only that the latter disowns them; frequenters of billiard-rooms and estaminets, patrons of foreign races and gaming-tables.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A common, crass or low-standing person. Alternatively, a snob."
],
"id": "en-raff-en-noun-wkAoZ-3O",
"links": [
[
"snob",
"snob"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A common, crass or low-standing person. Alternatively, a snob."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "churl"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"raf",
"raf#Middle_English"
],
[
"raffer",
"raffer#Old_French"
],
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
],
[
"rap",
"rap#English"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff#English"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "raf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English raf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raffer"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English raf, from Old French raffer, of Germanic origin; compare German raffen, akin to rap (“to snatch”). Compare riffraff, rip (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "raffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "raffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raff (third-person singular simple present raffs, present participle raffing, simple past and past participle raffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 22 6 19 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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32,
37
]
],
"ref": "1609, Richard Carew, The Survey of Cornwall, London: […] S[imon] S[tafford] for Iohn Iaggard, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Causes and effects which I thus raffe up together.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"ref": "1861, Robert Orme, A History of the Military Transactions of the British Nation in Indostan/Volume 1/Book 1:",
"text": "they felt no effect of the storm which was raffing at Madrass",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
59
]
],
"ref": "1898 June 2, The Independent (New York City), We Will Make Holiday:",
"text": "the summer wind flows aloft through the tree-tops, or raffs the last year's leaves in the pits between the gnarled roots",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sweep, blow, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to sweep up."
],
"id": "en-raff-en-verb-sxHa3Noa",
"links": [
[
"sweep",
"sweep"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"snatch",
"snatch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) To sweep, blow, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to sweep up."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raff.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "raffie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raff (plural raffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 22 6 19 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A three-cornered sail set on a schooner when before the wind."
],
"id": "en-raff-en-noun-ZonK3F8e",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"schooner",
"schooner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A three-cornered sail set on a schooner when before the wind."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "raff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "raffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of raffen"
],
"id": "en-raff-de-verb-AaNuN1mt",
"links": [
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 15 4 16 12 14 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 13 3 14 10 12 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "raffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of raffen"
],
"id": "en-raff-de-verb-O2Lt~DXi",
"links": [
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of raffen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁaf/"
},
{
"audio": "De-raff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/De-raff.ogg/De-raff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/De-raff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
},
{
"homophone": "RAF"
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rhaff",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "raff",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated noun"
},
"expansion": "raff",
"name": "head"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "rhaff"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rhaff"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of rhaff"
],
"id": "en-raff-cy-noun-KOMkfSUg",
"links": [
[
"rhaff",
"rhaff#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/raːf/"
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "raffish"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"raf",
"raf#Middle_English"
],
[
"raffer",
"raffer#Old_French"
],
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
],
[
"rap",
"rap#English"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff#English"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "raf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English raf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raffer"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English raf, from Old French raffer, of Germanic origin; compare German raffen, akin to rap (“to snatch”). Compare riffraff, rip (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "raff (countable and uncountable, plural raffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
6
]
],
"ref": "1680, Isaac Barrow, A Discourse Concerning The Unity Of The Church:",
"text": "A raff of errors.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
27
]
],
"ref": "1825 September 2, Charles Francis Barnard, diary entry:",
"text": "Bowditch and I (with a raff of books) left town about five in the morning.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disorderly heap; a jumble; a large quantity"
],
"links": [
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
],
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"jumble",
"jumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A disorderly heap; a jumble; a large quantity"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
33
]
],
"ref": "1923, Joel Townsley Rogers, Weird Tales, Hark! The Rattle!:",
"text": "[a hut] was fashioned of the raff of the slough—dead fronds, rotting branches, withered marsh grasses. Its sad gray-green were in the living wilderness like a monument to death.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumber or refuse."
],
"links": [
[
"lumber",
"lumber"
],
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) lumber or refuse."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flotsam"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
127,
131
]
],
"ref": "1839, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist:",
"text": "Jostling with unemployed labourers of the lowest class, ballast-heavers, coal-whippers, brazen women, ragged children, and the raff and refuse of the river, he makes his way with difficulty along […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The common rabble or mob; riffraff."
],
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable or plural) The common rabble or mob; riffraff."
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"ref": "1860 June 30, Charles Dickens, All the Year Round:",
"text": "English raffs of every description",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
84
]
],
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 64, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "There is no town of any mark in Europe but it has its little colony of English raffs—men whose names Mr. Hemp the officer reads out periodically at the Sheriffs' Court—young gentlemen of very good family often, only that the latter disowns them; frequenters of billiard-rooms and estaminets, patrons of foreign races and gaming-tables.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A common, crass or low-standing person. Alternatively, a snob."
],
"links": [
[
"snob",
"snob"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A common, crass or low-standing person. Alternatively, a snob."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "churl"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"raf",
"raf#Middle_English"
],
[
"raffer",
"raffer#Old_French"
],
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
],
[
"rap",
"rap#English"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff#English"
],
[
"rip",
"rip#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "raf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English raf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raffer"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English raf, from Old French raffer, of Germanic origin; compare German raffen, akin to rap (“to snatch”). Compare riffraff, rip (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "raffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "raffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raff (third-person singular simple present raffs, present participle raffing, simple past and past participle raffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
37
]
],
"ref": "1609, Richard Carew, The Survey of Cornwall, London: […] S[imon] S[tafford] for Iohn Iaggard, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Causes and effects which I thus raffe up together.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"ref": "1861, Robert Orme, A History of the Military Transactions of the British Nation in Indostan/Volume 1/Book 1:",
"text": "they felt no effect of the storm which was raffing at Madrass",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
59
]
],
"ref": "1898 June 2, The Independent (New York City), We Will Make Holiday:",
"text": "the summer wind flows aloft through the tree-tops, or raffs the last year's leaves in the pits between the gnarled roots",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sweep, blow, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to sweep up."
],
"links": [
[
"sweep",
"sweep"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"snatch",
"snatch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) To sweep, blow, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to sweep up."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "raffie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raff (plural raffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"A three-cornered sail set on a schooner when before the wind."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"schooner",
"schooner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A three-cornered sail set on a schooner when before the wind."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹæf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German terms with homophones",
"German verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "raff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "raffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of raffen"
],
"links": [
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "raffen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of raffen"
],
"links": [
[
"raffen",
"raffen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of raffen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁaf/"
},
{
"audio": "De-raff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/De-raff.ogg/De-raff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/De-raff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
},
{
"homophone": "RAF"
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rhaff",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "raff",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated noun"
},
"expansion": "raff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rhaff"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated nouns",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh soft-mutation forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rhaff"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of rhaff"
],
"links": [
[
"rhaff",
"rhaff#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/raːf/"
}
],
"word": "raff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for raff meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: raff/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"raff"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "raff",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: raff/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"raff"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "raff",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: raff/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"raff"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "raff",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.